{"id":911,"date":"2026-03-02T14:08:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/?p=911"},"modified":"2026-03-02T14:08:05","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:08:05","slug":"eu-mica-es-a-banyaszat-szabalyozas-amely-nem-tilt-de-szorit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/eu-mica-es-a-banyaszat-szabalyozas-amely-nem-tilt-de-szorit\/","title":{"rendered":"EU MiCA and Mining \u2014 Regulation That Doesn't Ban, But Squeezes"},"content":{"rendered":"

2024-ben hat\u00e1lyba l\u00e9pett az Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3 t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek els\u0151 \u00e1tfog\u00f3 kriptoeszk\u00f6z-szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa, a Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA)<\/a> rendelet. A kriptopiac szerepl\u0151i \u2014 keresked\u0151k, t\u0151zsd\u00e9k, tokenek kibocs\u00e1t\u00f3i \u2014 egyar\u00e1nt \u00e9rintettek. De mi a helyzet a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szokkal? A r\u00f6vid v\u00e1lasz: a MiCA nem tiltja a Proof-of-Work b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatot. A hosszabb v\u00e1lasz sokkal \u00e1rnyaltabb \u2014 \u00e9s a magyar b\u00e1ny\u00e1szoknak is van benne lecke.<\/p>\n

The Birth of MiCA: The Story of the Failed Ban<\/h2>\n

Hogy meg\u00e9rts\u00fck, hol \u00e1ll ma a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s, vissza kell l\u00e9pn\u00fcnk 2022-be. Az Eur\u00f3pai Parlament gazdas\u00e1gi bizotts\u00e1g\u00e1ban akkor komoly vita folyt arr\u00f3l, hogy a MiCA tartalmazzon-e explicit tilalmat a Proof-of-Work konszenzusmechanizmusra<\/a>. A javaslat l\u00e9nyege az volt, hogy az EU ter\u00fclet\u00e9n fokozatosan ki kellene vezetni az energiaig\u00e9nyes PoW-alap\u00fa kriptovalut\u00e1kat \u2014 ami gyakorlatilag a Bitcoin b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat betilt\u00e1s\u00e1t jelentette volna Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n

A szavaz\u00e1s 2022 m\u00e1rcius\u00e1ban elutas\u00edtotta a tilalmat<\/a>. De az elutas\u00edt\u00e1s nem volt egyhang\u00fa, \u00e9s az az\u00f3ta eltelt \u00e9vek azt mutatj\u00e1k, hogy a k\u00f6rnyezetv\u00e9delmi nyom\u00e1s nem cs\u00f6kkent \u2014 csak m\u00e1s form\u00e1t \u00f6lt\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n

The fact that the ban was even proposed is understandable from a loss aversion perspective: for EU decision-makers, mining's energy consumption is a political risk. Nobody wants to appear on the screen where EU climate commitments stand alongside smoking Bitcoin mining farms. At the same time, the ban would have caused economic and innovation losses \u2014 and ultimately this consideration prevailed.<\/p>\n

What Does MiCA Actually Say About Mining?<\/h2>\n

The MiCA regulation doesn't directly regulate mining \u2014 it doesn't address who can mine, how large a farm they can operate, or what hardware they can use. Instead, it employs indirect but effective tools:<\/p>\n

Energiafogyaszt\u00e1si jelent\u00e9st\u00e9tel.<\/strong> A PoW konszenzusmechanizmust alkalmaz\u00f3 kriptoeszk\u00f6z\u00f6k kibocs\u00e1t\u00f3inak \u00e9s szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3inak k\u00f6rnyezeti fenntarthat\u00f3s\u00e1gi nyilatkozatot<\/a> kell k\u00f6zz\u00e9tenni\u00fck. Ez tartalmazza az energiafogyaszt\u00e1s m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t, a sz\u00e9n-dioxid-l\u00e1bnyomot, \u00e9s az alkalmazott energiaforr\u00e1sok t\u00edpus\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

EU Taxonomy kapcsolat.<\/strong> Az EU fenntarthat\u00f3 p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi taxon\u00f3mi\u00e1ja \u2014 amely meghat\u00e1rozza, mely gazdas\u00e1gi tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9gek min\u0151s\u00fclnek \u201ez\u00f6ldnek” \u2014 egyel\u0151re nem sorolja be kedvez\u0151en a PoW b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatot. Ez k\u00f6zvetetten befoly\u00e1solja a befektet\u0151i d\u00f6nt\u00e9seket: ha egy tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g nem \u201etaxonomy-aligned”, a z\u00f6ld finansz\u00edroz\u00e1si csatorn\u00e1k bez\u00e1rulnak el\u0151tte.<\/p>\n

Deleg\u00e1lt jogi aktusok.<\/strong> A MiCA felhatalmaz\u00e1st ad az Eur\u00f3pai Bizotts\u00e1gnak, hogy a j\u00f6v\u0151ben tov\u00e1bbi r\u00e9szletszab\u00e1lyokat alkosson<\/a> a PoW energiafelhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s nem lez\u00e1rt \u2014 \u00e9s a j\u00f6v\u0151ben szigorodhat.<\/p>\n

The Zeigarnik effect is obvious here: the story isn't finished. What isn't a ban today could become one tomorrow.<\/p>\n

Differing Approaches by Country<\/h2>\n

EU member states are not uniform in their assessment of mining. The differences are significant:<\/p>\n

Sv\u00e9dorsz\u00e1g<\/strong> volt az egyik leghangosabb PoW-ellenes hang. Az orsz\u00e1g p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi fel\u00fcgyelete \u00e9s k\u00f6rnyezetv\u00e9delmi hat\u00f3s\u00e1ga 2021-ben ny\u00edlt lev\u00e9lben k\u00e9rte az EU-t a PoW b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat betilt\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/a>, azzal \u00e9rvelve, hogy az energiaig\u00e9nyes b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat al\u00e1\u00e1shatja a kl\u00edmac\u00e9lokat. Sv\u00e9dorsz\u00e1g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energia \u00e9rt\u00e9kes er\u0151forr\u00e1s \u2014 \u00e9s a b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz farmok \u201eelsz\u00edvj\u00e1k” a z\u00f6ld \u00e1ramot az ipar \u00e9s a h\u00e1ztart\u00e1sok el\u0151l.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9metorsz\u00e1g<\/strong> pragmatikusabb megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9st k\u00f6vet. Az orsz\u00e1g jelent\u0151s fintech szektorral rendelkezik, \u00e9s a kriptoszab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sban ink\u00e1bb az innov\u00e1ci\u00f3p\u00e1rti megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9st t\u00e1mogatja \u2014 mik\u00f6zben a k\u00f6rnyezetv\u00e9delmi k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyeket is komolyan veszi. A n\u00e9met BaFin a MiCA keretein bel\u00fcl a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9s\u00e9re f\u00f3kusz\u00e1l, nem a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat korl\u00e1toz\u00e1s\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n

Franciaorsz\u00e1g<\/strong> szint\u00e9n m\u00e9rs\u00e9kelt \u00e1ll\u00e1spontot k\u00e9pvisel, \u00e9s akt\u00edvan igyekszik P\u00e1rizst eur\u00f3pai kripto-hubk\u00e9nt poz\u00edcion\u00e1lni. A b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat k\u00e9rd\u00e9se kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 k\u00f6zponti a francia vit\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n

The Hungarian Angle<\/h2>\n

Magyarorsz\u00e1g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a MiCA k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges helyzetet teremt. 2025 j\u00falius\u00e1t\u00f3l Magyarorsz\u00e1g tov\u00e1bbi szigor\u00edt\u00e1sokat vezetett be<\/a> a kriptoeszk\u00f6z\u00f6k kereskedelm\u00e9re vonatkoz\u00f3an \u2014 bele\u00e9rtve a b\u00fcntet\u0151jogi felel\u0151ss\u00e9g kiterjeszt\u00e9s\u00e9t az enged\u00e9ly n\u00e9lk\u00fcli t\u0151zsdei tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9gre.<\/p>\n

Hungarian miners \u2014 who typically run smaller-scale, home-based or small industrial operations \u2014 directly face MiCA's energy reporting requirements. Someone operating a few ASIC machines in their garage technically doesn't need to make a sustainability declaration. But someone mining at industrial scale does \u2014 and the boundary isn't always clear.<\/p>\n

A gyakorlati k\u00e9rd\u00e9s: hogyan bizony\u00edtja egy magyar b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz, hogy z\u00f6ld energi\u00e1t haszn\u00e1l? A magyar \u00e1ramh\u00e1l\u00f3zat energiamixe nem kifejezetten \u201ez\u00f6ld” \u2014 a Paks II atomer\u0151m\u0171 b\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9se ugyan alacsony sz\u00e9n-dioxid-kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00fa, de az EU taxonomy az atomenergi\u00e1t is vitatottan kezeli.<\/p>\n

The Future: Tightening or Easing?<\/h2>\n

MiCA's implementation took effect in 2024-2025, but the regulation's life doesn't end there. The European Commission prepares review reports that could lead to amendments. The question is which direction:<\/p>\n

Szigorod\u00e1si szcen\u00e1ri\u00f3:<\/strong> Ha az EU kl\u00edmac\u00e9ljai (2030-ra 55%-os kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1scs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s) vesz\u00e9lybe ker\u00fclnek, a PoW b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat \u00fajra c\u00e9lkeresztbe ker\u00fclhet. Egy j\u00f6v\u0151beli m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1s bevezetheti az energiafogyaszt\u00e1si plafont, a k\u00f6telez\u0151 meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energia ar\u00e1nyt, vagy ak\u00e1r region\u00e1lis tilalmakat.<\/p>\n

Enyh\u00fcl\u00e9si szcen\u00e1ri\u00f3:<\/strong> Ha a b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz ipar\u00e1g sikeresen demonstr\u00e1lja a z\u00f6ld \u00e1tmenetet \u2014 meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energiaforr\u00e1sok, stranded energia hasznos\u00edt\u00e1s, flare gas mining \u2014, a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s ak\u00e1r \u00f6szt\u00f6nz\u0151v\u00e9 is v\u00e1lhat.<\/p>\n

A val\u00f3s\u00e1g val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg a kett\u0151 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt lesz. Az EU hajlamos a \u201esoft power” szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sra: nem tilt, hanem reportingot k\u00e9r, nem b\u00fcntet, hanem klasszifik\u00e1l \u2014 \u00e9s ezzel a piaci er\u0151ket a k\u00edv\u00e1nt ir\u00e1nyba tereli.<\/p>\n

Summary<\/h2>\n

MiCA didn't kill European Bitcoin mining \u2014 but it made clear that mining in the EU isn't the same as mining in Texas or Siberia. Under the pressure of environmental requirements, reporting obligations, and the EU taxonomy, miners must adapt. Those who mine with green energy, transparent operations, and regulatory compliance will find MiCA not an enemy but a competitive advantage \u2014 because it filters out those unwilling to commit to these standards.<\/p>\n

The future of European mining isn't a question of bans. It's a question of who takes sustainability seriously \u2014 not just in words, but in kilowatt-hours.<\/p>\n

\n

Sources<\/h3>\n
  • EU Consilium \u2014 Crypto-assets regulation<\/a> \u2014 MiCA hivatalos \u00e1ttekint\u00e9s<\/li>\n
  • Greenberg Traurig \u2014 MiCA and Proof-of-Work<\/a> \u2014 PoW parlamenti vita<\/li>\n
  • CryptoCoin News \u2014 EU rejects PoW ban<\/a> \u2014 2022-es szavaz\u00e1s<\/li>\n
  • Debevoise \u2014 PoW mining environmental concerns<\/a> \u2014 Sv\u00e9d, n\u00e9met megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s<\/li>\n
  • Hacken \u2014 MiCA Regulation 2025<\/a> \u2014 MiCA v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s r\u00e9szletei<\/li>\n
  • Wolf Theiss \u2014 Crypto exchanges in Hungary<\/a> \u2014 Magyar szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s 2025<\/li>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    2024-ben hat\u00e1lyba l\u00e9pett az Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3 t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek els\u0151 \u00e1tfog\u00f3 kriptoeszk\u00f6z-szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa, a Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) rendelet. A kriptopiac szerepl\u0151i \u2014 keresked\u0151k, t\u0151zsd\u00e9k, tokenek kibocs\u00e1t\u00f3i \u2014 egyar\u00e1nt \u00e9rintettek. De mi a helyzet a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szokkal? A r\u00f6vid v\u00e1lasz: a MiCA nem tiltja a Proof-of-Work b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatot. A hosszabb v\u00e1lasz sokkal \u00e1rnyaltabb \u2014 \u00e9s a magyar b\u00e1ny\u00e1szoknak is van […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1053,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[123,21,4,122,141,130,142,133],"class_list":["post-911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-banyaszat","tag-asic","tag-banyaszat","tag-bitcoin","tag-energia","tag-jovokep","tag-kornyezet","tag-megujulo-energia","tag-proof-of-work"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=911"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/911\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1054,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/911\/revisions\/1054"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}