{"id":862,"date":"2026-03-02T14:06:52","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:06:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/?p=862"},"modified":"2026-03-02T14:06:52","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:06:52","slug":"wattonkenti-hatekonysag-miert-a-j-th-a-legfontosabb-szam-a-banyaszatban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wattonkenti-hatekonysag-miert-a-j-th-a-legfontosabb-szam-a-banyaszatban\/","title":{"rendered":"Efficiency Per Watt \u2014 Why J\/TH Is the Most Important Number in Mining"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00e9pzeld el, hogy k\u00e9t aut\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00fcl kell v\u00e1lasztanod. Az egyik 300 l\u00f3er\u0151s, de 100 kilom\u00e9terenk\u00e9nt 20 liter benzint eszik. A m\u00e1sik \u201ecsak&#8221; 200 l\u00f3er\u0151s, de 6 literb\u0151l megteszi ugyanazt a t\u00e1vot. Melyiket v\u00e1lasztan\u00e1d hossz\u00fa t\u00e1vra? A kriptovaluta b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatban pontosan ugyanez a dilemma \u00e1ll fenn \u2014 \u00e9s meglep\u0151en sokan v\u00e1lasztj\u00e1k rosszul. A kulcssz\u00e1m nem a hashrate, hanem a <strong>J\/TH<\/strong>, azaz a joule per terahash. Aki ezt nem \u00e9rti, az sz\u00f3 szerint \u00e9geti a p\u00e9nz\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is J\/TH, and Why Is It More Important Than Hashrate?<\/h2>\n<p>A <strong>J\/TH<\/strong> (joule per terahash) egyetlen sz\u00e1mba s\u0171r\u00edti, hogy egy b\u00e1ny\u00e1szg\u00e9p mennyi energi\u00e1t haszn\u00e1l el egyetlen terahash sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1si teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Min\u00e9l alacsonyabb ez az \u00e9rt\u00e9k, ann\u00e1l hat\u00e9konyabb a g\u00e9p \u2014 ann\u00e1l kevesebb \u00e1ramot fogyaszt ugyanannyi munk\u00e1\u00e9rt.<\/p>\n<p>Sokan esnek abba a csapd\u00e1ba, hogy kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag a hashrate-et n\u00e9zik. \u201eEz a g\u00e9p 200 TH\/s-t tud!&#8221; \u2014 mondj\u00e1k lelkesen. De ha az a 200 TH\/s 5000 watton m\u0171k\u00f6dik (25 J\/TH), akkor egy 150 TH\/s-es g\u00e9p 12 J\/TH hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ggal <strong>messze j\u00f6vedelmez\u0151bb<\/strong> lesz, mert a villanysz\u00e1mla a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat legnagyobb folyamatos k\u00f6lts\u00e9ge. A <a href=\"https:\/\/hashrateindex.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hashrate Index<\/a> adatai szerint az \u00e1ramk\u00f6lts\u00e9g a teljes b\u00e1ny\u00e1szati kiad\u00e1s <strong>60-80%-\u00e1t<\/strong> teszi ki.<\/p>\n<p>Ez a pszichol\u00f3giai csapda az <strong>anchoring bias<\/strong>: az els\u0151 sz\u00e1m, amit megl\u00e1tunk (a hashrate), ar\u00e1nytalanul nagy befoly\u00e1st gyakorol a d\u00f6nt\u00e9s\u00fcnkre, mik\u00f6zben a val\u00f3di profitabilit\u00e1st egy m\u00e1sik sz\u00e1m hat\u00e1rozza meg.<\/p>\n<h2>The Evolution of J\/TH: Mining's Moore's Law<\/h2>\n<p>The efficiency improvement of ASIC mining machines traces an impressive arc, closely following the technological leaps in semiconductor manufacturing:<\/p>\n<p>| Modell | \u00c9v | Hashrate | Hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g (J\/TH) | Chip technol\u00f3gia | |&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;|&#8212;&#8211;|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;| | Antminer S1 | 2013 | 180 GH\/s | ~1000 J\/TH | 55 nm | | Antminer S9 | 2016 | 14 TH\/s | 98 J\/TH | 16 nm | | Antminer S17 | 2019 | 56 TH\/s | 45 J\/TH | 7 nm | | Antminer S19 Pro | 2020 | 110 TH\/s | 30 J\/TH | 7 nm | | Antminer S21 | 2024 | 200 TH\/s | 17.5 J\/TH | 5 nm | | Antminer S21 XP Hyd | 2025 | 473 TH\/s | 12 J\/TH | 5 nm | | Antminer S23 Hydro | 2025 | 580 TH\/s | 9.5 J\/TH | 3 nm |<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edz \u00e9v alatt a hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g <strong>sz\u00e1zszoros\u00e1ra<\/strong> javult. Az S1 1000 J\/TH-j\u00e1r\u00f3l az S23 Hydro 9.5 J\/TH-j\u00e1ig eljutni azt jelenti, hogy ma ugyanannyi \u00e1ramb\u00f3l <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccn.com\/news\/crypto\/bitcoin-mining-bitmain-most-efficient-miner-antminer-s23\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sz\u00e1zszor annyi<\/a> hasznos munk\u00e1t v\u00e9gez egy b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz. De vajon meddig tarthat ez a temp\u00f3?<\/p>\n<h2>Break-Even Electricity Price: Where Efficiency Becomes Real<\/h2>\n<p>J\/TH has a direct impact on the maximum electricity price at which mining remains profitable. Let's look at a simple calculation:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Felt\u00e9telez\u00e9sek:<\/strong> Bitcoin \u00e1r ~95 000 USD, blokk jutalom 3.125 BTC, h\u00e1l\u00f3zati neh\u00e9zs\u00e9g 2026 eleji szinten.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S9 (98 J\/TH):<\/strong> Break-even \u00e1ram\u00e1r kb. <strong>0,02 USD\/kWh<\/strong> \u2014 szinte sehol nem \u00e9rhet\u0151 el<\/li>\n<li><strong>S19 Pro (30 J\/TH):<\/strong> Break-even kb. <strong>0,06 USD\/kWh<\/strong> \u2014 csak a legolcs\u00f3bb r\u00e9gi\u00f3kban<\/li>\n<li><strong>S21 (17.5 J\/TH):<\/strong> Break-even kb. <strong>0,10 USD\/kWh<\/strong> \u2014 m\u00e1r re\u00e1lisan el\u00e9rhet\u0151<\/li>\n<li><strong>S23 Hydro (9.5 J\/TH):<\/strong> Break-even kb. <strong>0,18 USD\/kWh<\/strong> \u2014 szinte b\u00e1rhol profit\u00e1bilis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Magyarorsz\u00e1gon az ipari \u00e1ram\u00e1r 2025-ben kb. 0,12-0,15 USD\/kWh k\u00f6r\u00fcl mozog. Ez azt jelenti, hogy <strong>S19-n\u00e9l r\u00e9gebbi g\u00e9ppel itthon gyakorlatilag lehetetlen<\/strong> profit\u00e1bilisan b\u00e1ny\u00e1szni. Az S21 m\u00e1r a hat\u00e1ron van, az S23 Hydro pedig k\u00e9nyelmes margint biztos\u00edt. <\/p>\n<p>This is the <strong>loss aversion<\/strong> (vesztes\u00e9gker\u00fcl\u00e9s) klasszikus esete: sokan ragaszkodnak r\u00e9gi g\u00e9p\u00fckh\u00f6z, mert \u201em\u00e1r kifizet\u0151d\u00f6tt&#8221;, mik\u00f6zben nap mint nap vesztes\u00e9get termel. A befektetett p\u00e9nz visszahozhatatlan (sunk cost), de a folyamatos \u00e1ramsz\u00e1mla nagyon is val\u00f3s.<\/p>\n<h2>Old vs. New: How Much Profit from the Same Electricity?<\/h2>\n<p>Let's say you dedicate 3,000 kWh of electricity per month to mining (approximately 4.1 kW continuous load). What do you get with different machines?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Antminer S9 (98 J\/TH, ~1,35 kW):<\/strong> 3 darab S9-b\u0151l \u00e1ll a farmod \u2192 ~42 TH\/s \u00f6sszteljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antminer S21 (17,5 J\/TH, ~3,5 kW):<\/strong> 1 darab S21 \u2192 ~200 TH\/s \u00f6sszteljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Ugyanannyi \u00e1ram, de az S21 <strong>k\u00f6zel \u00f6tsz\u00f6r annyi<\/strong> hashrate-et termel. A <a href=\"https:\/\/braiins.com\/mining-calculators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Braiins kalkul\u00e1tora<\/a> szerint ez havi szinten ak\u00e1r <strong>3-4-szeres bev\u00e9teli k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9get<\/strong> is jelent \u2014 m\u00ednusz az S9-ek karbantart\u00e1si k\u00f6lts\u00e9ge, ami a r\u00e9gebbi g\u00e9pekn\u00e9l exponenci\u00e1lisan n\u0151. <\/p>\n<h2>The Future: Where Is Efficiency Heading?<\/h2>\n<p>A f\u00e9lvezet\u0151ipar a 3 nm-es csom\u00f3pontn\u00e1l tart, \u00e9s a 2 nm-es gy\u00e1rt\u00e1s m\u00e1r a horizonton van. A <a href=\"https:\/\/endlessmining.com\/wdms-2025-bitmain-unveils-antminer-s23-hydro-us-expansion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitmain 2025-\u00f6s WDMS konferenci\u00e1j\u00e1n<\/a> bemutatott S23 Hydro 9,5 J\/TH-ja egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171en jelzi: az egysz\u00e1mjegy\u0171 hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g korszak\u00e1ba l\u00e9pt\u00fcnk.<\/p>\n<p>De a fizika t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyei hat\u00e1rt szabnak. A Landauer-elv szerint minden bit t\u00f6rl\u00e9s\u00e9nek van egy minim\u00e1lis energiak\u00f6lts\u00e9ge \u2014 b\u00e1r ett\u0151l m\u00e9g nagys\u00e1grendekkel vagyunk. A val\u00f3di korl\u00e1t ink\u00e1bb gazdas\u00e1gi: minden \u00fajabb gener\u00e1ci\u00f3 fejleszt\u00e9se dr\u00e1g\u00e1bb, a javul\u00e1s m\u00e9rt\u00e9ke pedig cs\u00f6kken. Az S1-r\u0151l az S9-re a hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g t\u00edzszeres\u00e9re javult, az S9-r\u0151l az S21-re \u201ecsak&#8221; \u00f6tsz\u00f6r\u00f6sre.<\/p>\n<h2>Summary: Efficiency Per Watt Decides<\/h2>\n<p>Ha egyetlen sz\u00e1mot kellene megjegyezned a kriptovaluta b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatr\u00f3l, az a <strong>J\/TH<\/strong> legyen. Nem a hashrate, nem a g\u00e9p \u00e1ra, nem a m\u00e1rk\u00e1ja \u2014 hanem az, hogy mennyire hat\u00e9konyan alak\u00edtja az \u00e1ramot sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1si teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nny\u00e9. Ahogy a Bitcoin h\u00e1l\u00f3zat neh\u00e9zs\u00e9ge n\u0151 \u00e9s a blokk jutalmak cs\u00f6kkennek, ez az egyetlen sz\u00e1m v\u00e1lasztja el a profit\u00e1bilis b\u00e1ny\u00e1szt a vesztes\u00e9gest\u0151l.<\/p>\n<p>In the next article, we'll take apart an ASIC miner \u2014 literally. What's inside the box, and why does every single component matter?<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3>Sources<\/h3>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hashrateindex.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hashrate Index \u2014 Top ASIC Miners<\/a> \u2014 b\u00e1ny\u00e1szg\u00e9p hat\u00e9konys\u00e1gi rangsorok<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccn.com\/news\/crypto\/bitcoin-mining-bitmain-most-efficient-miner-antminer-s23\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CCN \u2014 Bitmain Antminer S23<\/a> \u2014 S23 Hydro specifik\u00e1ci\u00f3k<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ezblockchain.net\/article\/best-asic-miners-to-buy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EZ Blockchain \u2014 Best ASIC Miners 2026<\/a> \u2014 ASIC \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1si \u00fatmutat\u00f3<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/braiins.com\/mining-calculators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Braiins \u2014 Mining Calculators<\/a> \u2014 b\u00e1ny\u00e1szati profitabilit\u00e1s kalkul\u00e1tor<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/endlessmining.com\/wdms-2025-bitmain-unveils-antminer-s23-hydro-us-expansion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Endless Mining \u2014 WDMS 2025 Bitmain<\/a> \u2014 S23 Hydro bemutat\u00f3<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mineshop.eu\/blog\/asic-miners\/asic-miners-uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MineShop \u2014 ASIC Miners UK<\/a> \u2014 hat\u00e9konys\u00e1gi adatok<\/li>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00e9pzeld el, hogy k\u00e9t aut\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00fcl kell v\u00e1lasztanod. Az egyik 300 l\u00f3er\u0151s, de 100 kilom\u00e9terenk\u00e9nt 20 liter benzint eszik. A m\u00e1sik \u201ecsak&#8221; 200 l\u00f3er\u0151s, de 6 literb\u0151l megteszi ugyanazt a t\u00e1vot. Melyiket v\u00e1lasztan\u00e1d hossz\u00fa t\u00e1vra? A kriptovaluta b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatban pontosan ugyanez a dilemma \u00e1ll fenn \u2014 \u00e9s meglep\u0151en sokan v\u00e1lasztj\u00e1k rosszul. A kulcssz\u00e1m nem a hashrate, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":955,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[22,123,21,4,54,114,122,119,141],"class_list":["post-862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-banyaszat","tag-antminer","tag-asic","tag-banyaszat","tag-bitcoin","tag-bitmain","tag-blockchain","tag-energia","tag-hashrate","tag-jovokep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=862"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/862\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":956,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/862\/revisions\/956"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}