{"id":852,"date":"2026-03-02T14:06:26","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:06:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/?p=852"},"modified":"2026-03-02T14:06:26","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:06:26","slug":"a-bitmain-birodalom-felemelkedese-hogyan-lett-ket-kinai-vallalkozobol-a-bitcoin-banyaszat-kiralya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/a-bitmain-birodalom-felemelkedese-hogyan-lett-ket-kinai-vallalkozobol-a-bitcoin-banyaszat-kiralya\/","title":{"rendered":"The Rise of the Bitmain Empire \u2014 How Two Chinese Entrepreneurs Became the Kings of Bitcoin Mining"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In 2013, in a Beijing office, two men \u2014 one a financial analyst, the other a chip design engineer \u2014 decided to build the world's most powerful Bitcoin mining machine. Ten years later, Bitmain Technologies had become synonymous with crypto mining, and the Antminer machines they manufactured have mined more bitcoin than any other device in history. But how did they get here \u2014 and what price did they pay for success?<\/p>\n<h2>Two Geniuses, One Vision<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Jihan Wu<\/strong> nem volt tipikus tech alap\u00edt\u00f3. A Peking Egyetem k\u00f6zgazdas\u00e1gi kar\u00e1n v\u00e9gzett, majd p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi elemz\u0151k\u00e9nt \u00e9s private equity alapkezel\u0151k\u00e9nt dolgozott. 2011-ben azonban valami megragadta a figyelm\u00e9t: a Bitcoin whitepaper. Wu nem csak elolvasta Satoshi Nakamoto m\u0171v\u00e9t \u2014 \u0151 ford\u00edtotta le k\u00ednaira, ezzel milli\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra nyitva meg a kaput a kriptovalut\u00e1k vil\u00e1g\u00e1ba. Ez az egyetlen ford\u00edt\u00e1s megv\u00e1ltoztatta K\u00edna, \u00e9s v\u00e9gs\u0151 soron az eg\u00e9sz ipar\u00e1g t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Micree Zhan<\/strong> eg\u00e9szen m\u00e1s h\u00e1tt\u00e9rb\u0151l \u00e9rkezett. Mikroelektronikai m\u00e9rn\u00f6k volt, aki egy DivaIP nev\u0171 startupot vezetett \u2014 a c\u00e9g set-top boxokkal foglalkozott, amelyekkel TV-t lehetett streamelni sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pre. Amikor Wu 2013-ban felkereste \u0151t az \u00f6tlettel, hogy ASIC chipeket tervezzenek Bitcoin b\u00e1ny\u00e1szatra, Zhan azonnal l\u00e1tta a lehet\u0151s\u00e9get. A p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi strat\u00e9gia \u00e9s a m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki zseni tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sa megsz\u00fclte a Bitmain-t.<\/p>\n<h2>The Birth of the Antminer Dynasty<\/h2>\n<p>A Bitmain els\u0151 term\u00e9ke, az <strong>Antminer S1<\/strong> 2013 november\u00e9ben g\u00f6rd\u00fclt le a gy\u00e1rt\u00f3sorr\u00f3l. Specifik\u00e1ci\u00f3i ma m\u00e1r mosolyt fakasztanak: 180 GH\/s hashrate, 80-200 watt fogyaszt\u00e1s mellett. De akkoriban ez forradalmi volt \u2014 v\u00e9gre el\u00e9rhet\u0151 \u00e1ron kaphat\u00f3, megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 ASIC b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz.<\/p>\n<p>What followed demonstrated the dizzying pace of technological progress:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S5 (2014)<\/strong>: Az els\u0151 igaz\u00e1n n\u00e9pszer\u0171 modell, kedvez\u0151 \u00e1r-\u00e9rt\u00e9k ar\u00e1ny<\/li>\n<li><strong>S7 (2015)<\/strong>: 4,73 TH\/s \u2014 a b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz farmok kedvence<\/li>\n<li><strong>S9 (2016)<\/strong>: A legend\u00e1s g\u00e9p. 14 TH\/s teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nnyel ez lett minden id\u0151k legtov\u00e1bb haszn\u00e1lt b\u00e1ny\u00e1szg\u00e9pe \u2014 egyes p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyok m\u00e9g 2021-ben is m\u0171k\u00f6dtek<\/li>\n<li><strong>S17\/S19 sorozat (2019-2020)<\/strong>: A 7nm-es chipekkel \u00faj korszak kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt<\/li>\n<li><strong>S21 (2024)<\/strong>: 200 TH\/s, 17.5 J\/TH hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ggal<\/li>\n<li><strong>S23 (2025)<\/strong>: A leg\u00fajabb cs\u00facsmodell, 3nm-es chiptechnol\u00f3gi\u00e1val<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Az S9 k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges helyet foglal el a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9ben. Ahogy egy r\u00e9gi b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz mondta egyszer: <em>\u201eAz S9 olyan, mint egy Toyota Corolla \u2014 nem a legszebb, nem a leggyorsabb, de egyszer\u0171en nem akar meghalni.&#8221;<\/em> Becsl\u00e9sek szerint az S9-es sorozatb\u00f3l t\u00f6bb mint 3 milli\u00f3 darabot adtak el vil\u00e1gszerte. <\/p>\n<h2>At the Peak: 70% Market Dominance<\/h2>\n<p>A Bitmain cs\u00facsid\u0151szak\u00e1ban \u2014 nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l 2017-2018 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt \u2014 a v\u00e1llalat a glob\u00e1lis ASIC piac <strong>70-80%-\u00e1t<\/strong> uralta. Ez azt jelentette, hogy a vil\u00e1g Bitcoin hashrate-j\u00e9nek t\u00falnyom\u00f3 t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge Bitmain g\u00e9pekb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazott. A c\u00e9g 2018 els\u0151 fel\u00e9ben <strong>742,7 milli\u00f3 doll\u00e1r<\/strong> nett\u00f3 profitot termelt (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/bitmain-ipo-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Financial Times, 2018<\/a>). Ha nem \u00e9rted, mi\u00e9rt fontos ez: k\u00e9pzeld el, hogy egyetlen c\u00e9g gy\u00e1rtja a vil\u00e1g aranyb\u00e1ny\u00e1szati felszerel\u00e9s\u00e9nek h\u00e1romnegyed\u00e9t. Pontosan ilyen hatalmuk volt.<\/p>\n<p>A Bitmain saj\u00e1t b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz poolokat is \u00fczemeltetett \u2014 az <strong>AntPool<\/strong> and <strong>BTC.com<\/strong> id\u0151szakosan a k\u00e9t legnagyobb pool volt, egy\u00fcttesen ak\u00e1r 30-40%-os hashrate r\u00e9szesed\u00e9ssel. Ez a vertik\u00e1lis integr\u00e1ci\u00f3 egyszerre volt \u00fczleti zsenis\u00e9g \u00e9s aggodalomra okot ad\u00f3 centraliz\u00e1ci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h2>Controversies and Internal Wars<\/h2>\n<p>Bitmain's story is not all success. Numerous controversial decisions and scandals accompanied its journey:<\/p>\n<p><strong>A Bitcoin Cash saga<\/strong>: 2017-ben Jihan Wu ny\u00edltan t\u00e1mogatta a Bitcoin Cash (BCH) forkot, szembefordulva a Bitcoin Core fejleszt\u0151i k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g\u00e9vel. Az AntPool m\u00e9g a kib\u00e1ny\u00e1szott BCH 12%-\u00e1t is \u201eel\u00e9gette&#8221; \u2014 visszaford\u00edthatatlan c\u00edmekre k\u00fcldte \u2014 hogy mesters\u00e9gesen emelje az \u00e1rfolyamot. Ez sokak szem\u00e9ben a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat semlegess\u00e9g\u00e9nek megs\u00e9rt\u00e9se volt.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ASICBoost<\/strong>: A Bitmain-t azzal v\u00e1dolt\u00e1k, hogy egy titkos optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1si technik\u00e1t, az ASICBoost-ot haszn\u00e1lta saj\u00e1t g\u00e9peiben, ami tisztess\u00e9gtelen el\u0151nyt biztos\u00edtott. A vita technikai \u00e9s etikai s\u00edkon egyar\u00e1nt zajlott, \u00e9s hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rult a Bitcoin k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g megosztotts\u00e1g\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A hatalmi harc<\/strong>: 2019-ben dr\u00e1mai fordulat k\u00f6vetkezett be. Jihan Wu megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lta kiszor\u00edtani Micree Zhan-t a c\u00e9gvezet\u00e9sb\u0151l \u2014 egy \u00fczleti \u00faton l\u00e9v\u0151 Zhan haza\u00e9rkezve azt tapasztalta, hogy kitiltott\u00e1k a saj\u00e1t irod\u00e1j\u00e1b\u00f3l. A h\u00f3napokig tart\u00f3 jogi csat\u00e1roz\u00e1s v\u00e9g\u00fcl Zhan jav\u00e1ra d\u0151lt el, aki a mai napig a legnagyobb r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyes. Wu az\u00f3ta elhagyta a v\u00e1llalatot, \u00e9s m\u00e1r nincs tulajdonr\u00e9sze a Bitmain-ben (<a href=\"https:\/\/canvasbusinessmodel.com\/blogs\/owners\/bitmain-technologies-who-owns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CanvasBusinessModel, 2025<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h2>The Failed IPO Attempts<\/h2>\n<p>A Bitmain k\u00e9tszer is megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lt t\u0151zsd\u00e9re l\u00e9pni a Hong Kong-i t\u0151zsd\u00e9n \u2014 2018-ban \u00e9s 2019-ben. Mindk\u00e9t k\u00eds\u00e9rlet kudarcba fulladt. A 2018-as IPO f\u00e1jl 2019 m\u00e1rcius\u00e1ban lej\u00e1rt, miut\u00e1n a befektet\u0151k agg\u00f3dtak a Bitcoin \u00e1rfolyames\u00e9se miatt. A m\u00e1sodik pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1s szint\u00e9n z\u00e1tonyra futott. A TechCrunch jelent\u00e9se szerint 2018 m\u00e1sodik negyed\u00e9v\u00e9ben a Bitmain eladatlan k\u00e9szletei el\u00e9rt\u00e9k az <strong>1 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt<\/strong> \u2014 egy medvepiacon ez katasztrof\u00e1lis volt.<\/p>\n<p>The company also considered listing in the USA, but that never materialized either. The lesson is clear: even the market's king can't escape the cyclical nature of cryptocurrencies.<\/p>\n<h2>The Legacy and the Rivals<\/h2>\n<p>A Bitmain dominanci\u00e1ja ma m\u00e1r nem korl\u00e1tlan. A <strong>MicroBT<\/strong> (Whatsminer sorozat) komoly riv\u00e1lisk\u00e9nt jelent meg, \u00e9s 2023-ra a piac mintegy 30-35%-\u00e1t szerezte meg. A <strong>Canaan<\/strong> (Avalon sorozat) szint\u00e9n akt\u00edv versenyt\u00e1rs. De a Bitmain tov\u00e1bbra is piacvezet\u0151, \u00e9s az Antminer m\u00e1rkan\u00e9v a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat vil\u00e1g\u00e1ban olyan, mint az iPhone a telefonok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n<h2>What Can We Learn from Bitmain's Story?<\/h2>\n<p>The Bitmain story is more than a corporate success story. It's a parable about how two people can build a global empire from a garage-sized venture \u2014 and about the dangers of excessive centralization in a decentralized system. When three-quarters of an industry is in a single company's hands, the entire network becomes vulnerable.<\/p>\n<p>The next question on every miner's mind: who will be the next Bitmain? Or perhaps the better question is: do we even need one?<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3>Sources<\/h3>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bitmain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitmain \u2014 Wikipedia<\/a> \u2014 A Bitmain t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek \u00e1tfog\u00f3 \u00f6sszefoglal\u00f3ja<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/canvasbusinessmodel.com\/blogs\/brief-history\/bitmain-technologies-brief-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitmain Technologies Brief History \u2014 CanvasBusinessModel<\/a> \u2014 Alap\u00edt\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net \u00e9s m\u00e9rf\u00f6ldk\u00f6vek<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/canvasbusinessmodel.com\/blogs\/owners\/bitmain-technologies-who-owns\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Who Owns Bitmain Technologies \u2014 CanvasBusinessModel<\/a> \u2014 Tulajdonosi strukt\u00fara 2025<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jihan_Wu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jihan Wu \u2014 Wikipedia<\/a> \u2014 Az alap\u00edt\u00f3 h\u00e1ttere \u00e9s karrierje<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iq.wiki\/wiki\/bitmain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitmain \u2014 IQ.wiki<\/a> \u2014 Antminer S1 \u00e9s korai t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem<\/li>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2013-ban egy pekingi irod\u00e1ban k\u00e9t f\u00e9rfi \u2014 egyik\u00fck p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi elemz\u0151, m\u00e1sikuk chiptervez\u0151 m\u00e9rn\u00f6k \u2014 elhat\u00e1rozta, hogy meg\u00e9p\u00edti a vil\u00e1g leger\u0151sebb Bitcoin b\u00e1ny\u00e1szg\u00e9p\u00e9t. T\u00edz \u00e9vvel k\u00e9s\u0151bb a Bitmain Technologies a kriptob\u00e1ny\u00e1szat szinonim\u00e1j\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt, \u00e9s az \u00e1ltaluk gy\u00e1rtott Antminer g\u00e9pek t\u00f6bb bitcoint termeltek ki, mint b\u00e1rmely m\u00e1s eszk\u00f6z a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelemben. De hogyan jutottak el id\u00e1ig \u2014 \u00e9s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[22,123,21,4,54,122,119,126,128,113,129],"class_list":["post-852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-banyaszat","tag-antminer","tag-asic","tag-banyaszat","tag-bitcoin","tag-bitmain","tag-energia","tag-hashrate","tag-kina","tag-pool","tag-satoshi-nakamoto","tag-usa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=852"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":936,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852\/revisions\/936"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kriptoblog.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}